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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 9:35 pm
Time: 9:35 pm
Results for recreational marijuana
4 results foundAuthor: Hansen, Benjamin Title: The Grass is Greener on the Other Side: How Extensive is the Interstate Trafficking of Recreational Marijuana? Summary: Marijuana is partially prohibited: though banned federally, it will soon be available to almost 1 in 4 U.S. adults under state statutes. A chief concern among policy makers is marijuana trafficking from states with legal markets elsewhere. We measure trafficking with a natural experiment. Oregon opened recreationally licensed stores on October 1, 2015, next to Washington where stores had been legally selling recreational marijuana since July, 2014. Using administrative data covering the universe of recreational market sales, we find Washington retailers along the Oregon border experienced a 41 percent decline in sales immediately following Oregon's market opening. In counties that are the closest crossing point for the majority of the neighboring population, the estimated decrease grows to 58 percent, and is the largest for the biggest transactions. We also test if these inter-state spill-overs led to health externalities by studying traffic accidents in Oregon from 2011-2015. Details: Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. 61p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 18, 2018 at: https://www.nber.org/papers/w23762 Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: https://www.nber.org/papers/w23762.pdf Shelf Number: 152984 Keywords: Decriminalization Drug Marijuana Recreational Marijuana |
Author: Traffic Injury Research Foundation Title: Marijuana Use Among Drivers in Canada, 2000-2015 Summary: Public concern about drug-impaired driving in general and marijuana-impaired driving in particular has increased in recent years. Marijuana studies have shown that the psychoactive chemical delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (or THC) enters the user's bloodstream and brain immediately after smoking or consuming marijuana, and has impairing effects. In addition, research on drivers in fatal crashes has shown that THC-positive drivers are more than twice as likely to crash as THC-free drivers (Grondel 2016). There is also evidence from surveys of Canadian drivers suggesting that the prevalence of marijuana use is greater among drivers aged 16 to 19 years than drivers in other age groups (Robertson et al. 2017). With the legalization of recreational marijuana in Canada, continued monitoring of this road safety topic is timely. This fact sheet, sponsored by Desjardins, examines the role of marijuana in collisions involving fatally injured drivers in Canada between 2000 and 2015. Data from TIRF's National Fatality Database were used to prepare this fact sheet which explores trends in the use of marijuana among fatally injured drivers, and the characteristics of these drivers. Other topics that are examined include the presence of different categories of drugs among fatally injured drivers in different age groups as well as comparisons of the presence of marijuana and alcohol among this population of drivers. Details: Ottawa: Traffic Injury Research Foundation, 2018. 6p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 25, 2018 at: http://tirf.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Marijuana-Use-Among-Drivers-in-Canada-2000-2015-7.pdf Year: 2018 Country: Canada URL: http://tirf.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Marijuana-Use-Among-Drivers-in-Canada-2000-2015-7.pdf Shelf Number: 153029 Keywords: Alcohol Driving Under InfluenceDriving While IntoxicatedLegalizationMarijuanaRecreational MarijuanaSubstance UseTraffic AccidentsWeed |
Author: Capler, Rielle Title: Cannabis Use and Driving: Evidence Review Summary: Cannabis is widely used in Canadian society (used by 12% of Canadians in 2011) for both medical and recreational purposes. Recently, the federal government announced its intention to legalize cannabis, with the implementation of new laws expected in early 2018. The federal government's stated intention of the new laws is to mitigate potential risks of cannabis use. A potential risk that is of great concern is driving after using cannabis. Public education pertaining to the use of cannabis and driving must be based upon current research knowledge if it is to be effective and relevant. To this end, we have undertaken a scoping review of available research evidence in order to: 1. Synthesize current research regarding risks associated with cannabis use in the context of driving; 2. Identify research that points to effective strategies for mitigation of this risk. Details: Burnaby, BC: Canadian Drug policy Coalition, Simon Fraser University, 2017. 67p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 3, 2019 at: https://drugpolicy.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/CDPC_Cannabis-and-Driving_Evidence-Review_FINALV2_March27-2017.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Canada URL: https://drugpolicy.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/CDPC_Cannabis-and-Driving_Evidence-Review_FINALV2_March27-2017.pdf Shelf Number: 155277 Keywords: Driving Under InfluenceDriving While IntoxicatedDrugged DrivingLegalizationMarijuanaRecreational MarijuanaSubstance UseTraffic AccidentsWeed |
Author: Koundakjian, Karen Title: Behaviors and Beliefs Related to Cannabis Before Legalization: A Public Safety Perspective Summary: Over the past few years, the government of Canada has been preparing to legalize, regulate and restrict access to non-medical cannabis. In 2016, the Task Force on Cannabis Legalization and Regulation identified nine policy objectives, which served as a basis for the recent legalization. Three of the main policy objectives that are of particular importance to Public Safety Canada's mandate are 1) "protect young Canadians by keeping cannabis out of the hands of children and youth;" 2) "keep profits out of the hands of criminals, particularly organized crime;" and 3) "protect public health and safety by strengthening, where appropriate, laws and enforcement measures that deter and punish more serious cannabis offences, particularly selling and distributing to children and youth, selling outside of the regulatory framework, and operating a motor vehicle while under the influence of cannabis."(McLellan et al, 2016: 11) Understanding the changes in perceptions and behaviours of those who use cannabis before and after the change in regime is important, as it will help to develop public safety policy and program initiatives, including education and crime prevention activities. Using the 2017 Canadian Cannabis Survey (CCS), the following report presents analyses of self-reported behaviours of those who used cannabis for non-medical purposes (cannabis use for non-medical purposes is defined as use for a range of non-medical reasons) in the past 12 months. The 2017 CCS asked respondents about their driving habits after cannabis use, cannabis use in combination with alcohol or other drugs, interaction with police services because of possession of cannabis, sources of cannabis (i.e., where users obtained their cannabis), methods of consumption, as well as the price they paid for their cannabis and the amount of cannabis they consumed. The analyses highlight a number of important findings, which will serve as a benchmark for future studies examining the trends following the implementation of the law in the fall of 2018. In particular, the results of the 2017 CCS show: Twenty-two percent (22%) of survey respondents reported having used cannabis in the 12 months prior to the survey. Among respondents who used cannabis, the most common methods of consumption were smoking (94%), eating (34%), using a vaporizer and vape pen or e-cigarette (14% each). Methods of consuming cannabis differed by age group; however younger respondents who used cannabis most often utilized different ways of consuming, as compared with their older counterparts. Among those who used cannabis, the most frequent sources of cannabis were from a family member or friend (27%); shared amongst a group of friends (25%); acquaintance (23%); dealer or storefront dispensary (20%). Compared to their older counterparts, younger respondents who used cannabis were: 1) almost twice as likely to report having obtained it by sharing with a group of friends; and 2) most often reported obtaining cannabis from a dealer or a storefront dispensary. Although the majority of respondents agreed that using cannabis for non-medical purposes impairs a person's ability to drive a vehicle, nearly one-quarter (22%) nonetheless reported having driven within 2 hours of using cannabis. Frequent users of cannabis most often presented unsafe behaviours related to drug-impaired driving. Frequent cannabis users not only believed that cannabis does not impair driving, but were also the group most often to report having driven within 2 hours of using cannabis, as well as having been a passenger with someone who used cannabis within 2 hours of driving. Just over one-quarter of respondents aged 16 to 19 (28%), followed by those aged 55 plus (30%) indicated having driven a motor vehicle within 2 hours of using non-medical cannabis, which represents the two groups to least often report having done so. A very small proportion of respondents who used cannabis reported having had interactions with police for their possession of non-medical cannabis (2%). Earlier age of cannabis initiation affects the quantity of cannabis consumed; the earlier the age at which someone first tried or started using cannabis, the more likely they are to report a higher daily quantity of cannabis consumed over the last 12 months. The greatest daily amounts of cannabis consumption for non-medical purposes were reported by those who: 1) grew their own cannabis; 2) obtained it from a dealer or storefront dispensary; and 3) obtained it from a Health Canada licensed producer by mail order. Details: Ottawa, Canada: Public Safety Canada, 2018. 53p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 14, 2019 at: https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2018-r005/2018-r005-en.pdf Year: 2018 Country: Canada URL: https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2018-r005/index-en.aspx Shelf Number: 156745 Keywords: Cannabis Marijuana Legalization Public Health Recreational Marijuana |